Impact of Social Factors and Peer Tutoring on Writing Proficiency of EFL Learners in Pakistan at Secondary School Level
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54183/jssr.v3i2.245Keywords:
Social Factors, Peers, Learning, Proficiency, Experimental, Control, Group, StudentAbstract
This study investigated the impact of social factors and peer tutoring on EFL students’ academic performance. In this research work, peer tutoring strategy was used to examine its effectiveness. Three dimensions of peer tutoring ‘reciprocal peer tutoring, class-wide peer tutoring and cross-age peer tutoring’ were used. The objectives of the study were to find the effectiveness of social factors and peer tutoring on writing fluency and accuracy of EFL learners and to investigate the advantages and disadvantages of peer tutoring in EFL writing skills. The population of the study consisted of the students of 9th and 10th grade from a private school in District Mansehra. A sample of 90 students was taken randomly and these students were divided into control group and experimental group. Quasi experimental design, “Pretest-Posttest Nonequivalent Groups Design” was used to collect data. Among 60 students in experimental group, students who achieved above average marks, were selected as peers. Then posttest was conducted to find the effectiveness of peer tutoring. The data was analyzed through computer software SPSS version 21. The results showed a significant difference in students’ achievement in writing skills in experimental group. It was recommended to practice this technique in classroom to achieve academic skills.
References
Ahmad, N., Khan, F. N., & Munir, N. (2013). Factors Affecting the Learning of English at Secondary School Level in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. International Journal of English Language and Literature Studies. 2(2), 95-101.
Akhtar, H., Saeed, M., & Ayub, S. Peer Tutoring: An Effective Technique to Enhance Students’ English Writing Skills. Journal of Global Social Sciences. 4(3). 299- 305.
Alrajhi, M. N., & Aldhafri, S. S. (2015). Peer Tutoring Effects on Omani Students' English Self-Concept. International Education Studies, 8(6), 184-193.
Arieno, C. L. (2007). The Advantages of Class Wide Peer Tutoring in an Urban Eighth Grade Inclusion Science Class. Education and Human Development master’s Theses. 429.
Aziz, Z., & Hossain, M. A. (2010). A comparison of cooperative learning and conventional teaching on students’ achievement in secondary mathematics. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 9, 53-62.
Castle. Jr. T. D. (2014). The impact of cooperative learning on the development of need for cognition among first-year college students. International Journal of Research, 3(5), 4-6.
Celis, A. Y. (2013). Understanding the Effectiveness of Peer Tutoring as a Process to Improve English Writing among Beginner-level Efl Students. Opening Writing Doors Journal, 9(1), 209-227.
Colvin, J. W. (2007). Peer tutoring and social dynamics in higher education. Mentoring & tutoring, 15(2), 165-181.
Dash, K. C. (2008). Regionalism in South Asia: Negotiating cooperation, institutional structures (Vol. 8). Routledge.
Haq, M. A. Najmonnisa, & Saad, I. (2015). Impact of cooperative learning teaching methods on 7th grade students’ academic achievement: An experimental study. Journal of Elementary Education, 25(2), 89-112.
Inamullah, H. M., Hussain, I., & Din, M. N. U. (2008). Teacher-students verbal interaction at the secondary level. Journal of College Teaching & Learning (TLC), 5(9).
Johnson, D. W., & Johnson, R. T. (1989). Computer-assisted cooperative learning. Educational Technology, 26(1), 12-18.
Johnson, D. W., Johnson, R. T., & Smith, K. A. (1991). Cooperative learning returns to college what evidence is there that it works?s Change: the magazine of higher learning, 30(4), 26-
Mastropieri, M. A., Scruggs, T. E., & Berkeley, S. L. (2007). Improving Instruction for Students with Learning Needs-Peers Helping Peers-Peer assistance, cooperative learning, and tutoring benefit students with and without disabilities. Educational Leadership, 64(5), 54.
Pan, C. Y., & Wu, H. Y. (2013). The Cooperative Learning Effects on English Reading ‘Comprehension and Learning Motivation of EFL Freshmen. English Language Teaching, 6(5), 13-27.
Raheem, A. Y., Yusuf, H. T., & Odutayo, A. O. (2017). Effect of Peer Tutoring on Students' Academic Performance in Economics in Ilorin South, Nigeria. Journal of Peer Learning, 10(1), 95-102.
Sharan, S. (1990). Cooperative learning: Theory and research 969-977. Pager.
Sharan, Y., & Sharan, S. (1990). Group investigation expands cooperative learning. Educational leadership, 47(4), 17-21.
Shokrpour, N., Keshavarz, N., & Jafari, S. M. (2013). The effect of peer review on writing skill of EFL students. Khazar Journal of Humanities & Social Sciences, 16(3).
Slavin, R. E. (1987, 1991). Co-operative learning: what makes group-work work. The nature of learning: Using research to inspire practice, 161-178.
Slavin, R. E. (1990). Point-counterpoint: Ability grouping, cooperative learning and the gifted. Journal for the Education of the Gifted, 14(1), 3-8.
Suydam, T. L. (2008). A comprehensive literature review and discussion of recommended teaching practices for use in a multicultural training program or educational classroom environment.
Topping, K., & Ehly, S. (1998). Peer-assisted learning. Routledge.
Wolfensberger, B., & Canella, C. (2015). Cooperative Learning about Nature of Science with a Case from the History of Science. International Journal of Environmental and Science Education, 10(6), 865-889.
Won, J. W., Change, H. J., & Kang, M. K. (2017). The Effect of Peer Learning on College EFL Learners in Korea. International Information Institute (Tokyo). Information, 20(12), 8309-8316.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Copyright in the Journal of Social Sciences Review is retained by the author(s). Authors also grant any third party the right to use the article freely as long as its integrity is maintained and its original authors, citation details and publisher are identified.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
SSR's Editorial Board shares the vision of providing free access to information, education, and science for everyone, thus promoting its content through an OPEN ACCESS POLICY, fulfilling the DOAJ definition of open access. The JSSR adheres to an Open Access and Copyright Licensing Policy based on the belief that making research freely accessible to the public promotes greater global knowledge sharing.
The JSSR uses the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. The authors who apply and publish in JSSR consent to abide by the copyright policy set out in the Creative Commons 4.0 license (Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International license).
- Copyright in the Journal of Social Sciences Review is retained by the author(s).
- Authors also grant any third party the right to use the article freely as long as its integrity is maintained and its original authors, citation details and publisher are identified.
While "By 'open access' to this literature, we mean its free availability on the public internet, permitting any users to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of these articles, crawl them for indexing, pass them as data to software, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without financial, legal, or technical barriers other than those inseparable from gaining access to the internet itself."
