Confronting the Destructive Impact of Bullying: The Harmful Consequences and Laws for Anti-Bullying Initiatives
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54183/jssr.v3i2.309Keywords:
Bullying Crime, Cyber Bullying, Consequences of Bullying, LegislationAbstract
Bullying is a widespread phenomenon that affects individuals of all ages and backgrounds. With the advancement of technology, cyber bullying has also become a growing concern among young people. The purpose of this research project is to examine the effects and consequences of bullying on youth and students, with a particular focus on Pakistan. The research aims to identify the reasons for bullying, its prevalence, and its impact on individuals, families, and society as a whole. The study uses a quantitative research methodology to gather data and analyze the findings. The research reveals that bullying is a common problem among school and college students in Pakistan, with a significant number of individuals reporting being victims of bullying at least once in their life. The most common forms of bullying reported are verbal and emotional abuse. The study also highlights the role of parental involvement, moral education, and the availability of safe spaces for young people in preventing bullying atmosphere. In extreme cases, bullying can even lead to suicide, as the victim may feel helpless and isolated. The research suggests that a combination of measures, including moral education, legislation, and strict laws, can help prevent bullying in Pakistan.
References
Ahmed, B., Yousaf, F. N., Ahmad, A., Zohra, T., & Ullah, W. (2022). Bullying in educational institutions: College students’ experiences. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2022.2067338
Aji, P. (2018). The resistance against bullying as seen through Clay Williams in Amiri Baraka`s Dutchman - USD Repository. Usd.ac.id. http://repository.usd.ac.id/30988/1/114214048.pdf
Baldry, A. C. (2003). Bullying in schools and exposure to domestic violence. Child Abuse & Neglect, 27(7), 713-732. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0145-2134(03)00114-5
Charalampous, K., Demetriou, C., Tricha, L., Ioannou, M., Georgiou, S., Nikiforou, M., & Stavrinides, P. (2018). The effect of parental style on bullying and cyber bullying behaviors and the mediating role of peer attachment relationships: A longitudinal study. Journal of Adolescence, 64(1), 109-123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2018.02.003
Cowie, H., & Jennifer, D. (2008). New perspectives on bullying. McGraw-Hill Education (UK).
DeKeseredy, W. S., & Dragiewicz, M. (2018). Introduction critical criminology. Routledge Handbook of Critical Criminology, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315622040-1
Donegan, R. (2012). Bullying and cyberbullying: History, statistics, law, prevention and analysis. The Elon Journal of Undergraduate Research in Communications, 3(1), 33-42.
Gaffney, H., Ttofi, M. M., & Farrington, D. P. (2021). What works in anti-bullying programs? Analysis of effective intervention components. Journal of School Psychology, 85, 37-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsp.2020.12.002
Hussain, N., Khan, A., & Chandio, L. A. (2023). Legal Safeguards against Mob Justice: An Analysis of Blasphemy Laws in Pakistan and International Human Rights Norms. Al-Qamar, 6(1), 13-26.
Jamshed, Jibran, Criminal Justice System of Pakistan: An Overview (March 30, 2018). Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3152735
Khan, A. S., Bibi, A., Khan, A., & Ahmad, I. (2023). Responsibility of sexual violence under international law. Winter 2023, 3(1), 29-41. https://doi.org/10.54183/jssr.v3i1.110
Khan, A., Iqbal, N., & Ahmad, I. (2022). Human trafficking in Pakistan: A qualitative analysis. Summer 2022, 2(3), 257-268. https://doi.org/10.54183/jssr.v2i3.136
Khawar, R., & Malik, F. (2016). Bullying behavior of Pakistani pre-adolescents: Findings based on Olweus questionnaire. Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research, 31(1), 23-43.
Leff, S. S. (2007). Bullying and peer victimization at school: Considerations and future directions. School Psychology Review, 36(3), 406-412. https://doi.org/10.1080/02796015.2007.12087931
Mahmood, M. (2018). The Pakistan Penal Code, 1860. Al- Qanoon Publisher.
Mahmoudi, M., & Keashly, L. (2020). Filling the space: A framework for coordinated global actions to diminish academic bullying. Angewandte Chemie, 133(7), 3378-3384. https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.202009270
Mishna, F., Saini, M., & Solomon, S. (2009). Ongoing and online: Children and youth's perceptions of cyber bullying. Children and Youth Services Review, 31(12), 1222-1228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2009.05.004
Nansel, T. R., Overpeck, M., Pilla, R. S., Ruan, W. J., Simons-Morton, B., & Scheidt, P. (2001). Bullying behaviors among US youth: Prevalence and association with psychosocial adjustment. Jama, 285(16), 2094-2100. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.285.16.2094
Awiria, O., Olweus, D., & Byrne, B. (1994). Bullying at school - What we know and what we can do. British Journal of Educational Studies, 42(4), 403. https://doi.org/10.2307/3121681
Paludi, M. A., & Barickman, R. B. (1991). Academic and workplace sexual harassment: A resource manual. State University of New York Press.
Ramsha. (2023, January 19). 6 Ways to Report Cyber Harassment In Pakistan. Parhlo; Parhlo. https://www.parhlo.com/6-ways-to-report-cyber-harassment-in-pakistan/
Rivers, I., & Smith, P. K. (1994). Types of bullying behaviour and their correlates. Aggressive Behavior, 20(5),359-368. https://doi.org/10.1002/1098-2337(1994)20:5<359::aid-ab2480200503>3.0.co;2-j
Scheithauer, H., Hayer, T., Petermann, F., & Jugert, G. (2006). Physical, verbal, and relational forms of bullying among German students: Age trends, gender differences, and correlates. Aggressive Behavior, 32(3), 261-275. https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.20128
Shaikh, M. A. (2013). Bullying victimization among school-attending adolescents in Pakistan. J Pak Med Assoc, 63(9), 1202-1203.
Siegel, L. J. (2015). Criminology: Theories, patterns, and typologies. Cengage Learning.
Slonje, R., & Smith, P. K. (2008). Cyberbullying: Another main type of bullying?. Scandinavian journal of psychology, 49(2), 147-154. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9450.2007.00611.x
Tariq, M. H., Ahmed, I., & Younus, A. (2018). A study on prevalence, types and effects of bullying on school-going children of Lahore. Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences (PJSS), 38(1), 1-13.
Nation. (2017, June 2). Bullying in Pakistan. The Nation. https://nation.com.pk/03-Jun-2017/bullying-in-pakistan
Turan, N., Polat, O., Karapirli, M., Uysal, C., & Turan, S. G. (2011). The new violence type of the era: Cyber bullying among university students. Neurology, Psychiatry and Brain Research, 17(1), 21-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.npbr.2011.02.005
Tzani-Pepelasi, C., Ioannou, M., Synnott, J., & Ashton, S. (2018). Comparing factors related to school-bullying and cyber-bullying. Crime Psychology Review, 4(1), 1-25. https://doi.org/10.1080/23744006.2018.1474029
Vaillancourt, T., Brittain, H., Krygsman, A., Farrell, A. H., Landon, S., & Pepler, D. (2021). School bullying before and during COVID‐19: Results from a population‐based randomized design. Aggressive Behavior, 47(5), 557-569. https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.21986
Vambheim, V. (2010, June 11). Bullying in school : a study of forms and motives of aggression in two secondary schools in the city of Palu, Indonesia. https://munin.uit.no/handle/10037/2670
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Copyright in the Journal of Social Sciences Review is retained by the author(s). Authors also grant any third party the right to use the article freely as long as its integrity is maintained and its original authors, citation details and publisher are identified.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
SSR's Editorial Board shares the vision of providing free access to information, education, and science for everyone, thus promoting its content through an OPEN ACCESS POLICY, fulfilling the DOAJ definition of open access. The JSSR adheres to an Open Access and Copyright Licensing Policy based on the belief that making research freely accessible to the public promotes greater global knowledge sharing.
The JSSR uses the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. The authors who apply and publish in JSSR consent to abide by the copyright policy set out in the Creative Commons 4.0 license (Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International license).
- Copyright in the Journal of Social Sciences Review is retained by the author(s).
- Authors also grant any third party the right to use the article freely as long as its integrity is maintained and its original authors, citation details and publisher are identified.
While "By 'open access' to this literature, we mean its free availability on the public internet, permitting any users to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of these articles, crawl them for indexing, pass them as data to software, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without financial, legal, or technical barriers other than those inseparable from gaining access to the internet itself."
