Non-Traditional Security Threats in 21st Century and its Socio-Political Impacts on Pakistan.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54183/jssr.v3i1.360Keywords:
Socio-political Structure, Security Threats, Water Scarcity, Food Shortage, Militancy, Agriculture, Crop ProductionAbstract
National Security is a concept that is intricately linked to a state’s social and political structures. It is a broad concept that is aimed at enhancing a state’s power and influence. One of the most crucial aspects of national security is the protection of a nation’s homeland, including its territories. A state’s ability to safeguard its national interests, economic concerns and maintain its international reputation is also critical in ensuring national security. This notion of security is not limited to external threats but also includes internal challenges that could threaten the state’s survival. In contrast, human security is centred on the safety and protection of individuals rather than the state’s territory. It emphasizes the safety and well-being of people over national interests. Human security is achieved through development and other non-military means, as opposed to the use of arms. The goal of this strategy is to protect everyone's security in all settings and aspects of their lives, including their residences, places of employment, streets, societies, and environments.
References
Ali, A. (2010). Militancy and socioeconomic problems: a case study of Pakistan. Reflections, 4, 1-5.
Amin, M., Khan, A. A., Perveen, A., Rauf, Z., Hassan, S. S., Goheer, M. A., & Ijaz, M. (2019). Drought risk assessment: A case study in Punjab, Pakistan. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 35(1). https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.sja/2019/35.1.234.243
Arif, G. K. M. (2010). Estranged Neighbors: India-Pakistan, 1947-2010 (First ed.). Islamabad-Lahore-Karachi (Pakistan): Dost Publications.
Bennett, J. (2009). Pakistan: Haunting Shadows of Human Security. Dhaka: The University Press Ltd.
Choudhry, M., Dr. Siddique, M. & Sufi, A. B. (2013). Role of Water Resources Development in the Economy of Pakistan. Pakistan Engineering Congress, paper 658, 70th Annual Session Proceedings. www.pecongress.org.pk/images/upload/books/Paper658.pdf
Hussain, T. (2009). Post-1979 Pakistan: What Went Wrong? in ―The Islamization of Pakistan 1979-2009 A Special Edition of Viewpoint. Washington DC: The Middle East Institute. http://www.mei.edu/Portals/0/Publications/Pakistan%201979-2009.pdf
Javed, A. (July-September, 2017). Changing Scenarios in Agriculture Sector: Time to Act. Sustainable Development Policy Institute, Research and News Bulletin. 24(3).
Kugelman, H. & Hathaway, R. M. (2009). Running on Empty: Pakistan's Water Crisis. Washington, D.C: Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars.
Khalid, I. & Begum, I. (2013). Hydro Politics in Pakistan: Perceptions and Misperceptions. A Research Journal of South Asian Studies, (28)1, 7-23. http://journals.pu.edu.pk/journals/index.php/IJSAS/article/viewFile/2864/1110
Malik, B. A. (2020). Save Water Save Pakistan (second ed.). Islamabad-Lahore-Karachi(Pakistan): Ferozsons.
Aza, M. (2014) Genesis of Militancy in Paistan: http://www.ipripak.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Article-no.-6-Maryam.pdf
Iqbal, M. M., Goheer, M. A., & Khan, A. M. (2009). Climate Change Aspersions on Food Security in Pakistan. Science Vision. 15(1). 15–23.
Adnam, M., Din, I., Khan, A. A., & Jehan, S. (2017). Temperature Trend Analysis using Non-linear Regression of Kohat, Northwestern Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Meteorology, 14(27), 85-93.
Mustafa, D., & Qazi, M. U. (2008). Karezversus tubewell irrigation: the comparative social acceptability and practicality of sustainable groundwater development in Balochistan, Pakistan. Contemporary South Asia, 16(2), 171–195. https://doi.org/10.1080/09584930701733514
Pakistan Economic Survey of 2015-16 https://www.finance.gov.pk/survey/chapters_16/highlights_2015_16.pdf
Pakistan Food Security Bulletin 2017. https://www.wfp.org/publications/pakistan-food-security-bulletins-2015-2017
Pakistan Food Security Bulletin 2017. https://www.wfp.org/publications/pakistan-food-security-bulletins-2017
Ramay, S. A. (2011). State of agriculture and food security in Pakistan. Policy Options to Achieve Food Security in South Asia, 106-136. https://doi.org/10.1017/upo9788175969223.006
Sabir, M. (2014). Water as an Economic Complexity in Pakistan. A Research Journal of South Asian Studies, 27(2).
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). (2015). Climate Public Expenditure and Institutional Review (CPEIR), Pakistan. Islamabad
Zia-ur-Reman, M. Dr., Nazeer, S. & Saif-ur-Rehman, M. Dr. (2014). Conceptually Analyzing and Proposing a New Dynamic Framework for Human Security. Margalla Papers, XVIII(I), 127-152. https://margallapapers.ndu.edu.pk/site/issue/download/9/175
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Copyright in the Journal of Social Sciences Review is retained by the author(s). Authors also grant any third party the right to use the article freely as long as its integrity is maintained and its original authors, citation details and publisher are identified.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
SSR's Editorial Board shares the vision of providing free access to information, education, and science for everyone, thus promoting its content through an OPEN ACCESS POLICY, fulfilling the DOAJ definition of open access. The JSSR adheres to an Open Access and Copyright Licensing Policy based on the belief that making research freely accessible to the public promotes greater global knowledge sharing.
The JSSR uses the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. The authors who apply and publish in JSSR consent to abide by the copyright policy set out in the Creative Commons 4.0 license (Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International license).
- Copyright in the Journal of Social Sciences Review is retained by the author(s).
- Authors also grant any third party the right to use the article freely as long as its integrity is maintained and its original authors, citation details and publisher are identified.
While "By 'open access' to this literature, we mean its free availability on the public internet, permitting any users to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of these articles, crawl them for indexing, pass them as data to software, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without financial, legal, or technical barriers other than those inseparable from gaining access to the internet itself."
